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Primitive element (co-algebra)
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Primitive element (co-algebra) : ウィキペディア英語版
Primitive element (co-algebra)
In algebra, a primitive element of a co-algebra ''C'' (over an element ''g'') is an element ''x'' that satisfies
:\mu(x) = x \otimes g + g \otimes x
where \mu is the co-multiplication and ''g'' is an element of ''C'' that maps to the multiplicative identity 1 of the base field under the co-unit (''g'' is called group-like). ''C'' is said to be primitively generated if it is generated by primitive elements.
If ''C'' is a bi-algebra; i.e., a co-algebra that is also an algebra, then one usually takes ''g'' to be 1, the multiplicative identity of ''C''.
If ''C'' is a bi-algebra, then the set of primitive elements form a Lie algebra with the usual commutator bracket (y ) = xy - yx (graded commutator if ''C'' is graded.)
If ''A'' is a (certain graded) Hopf algebra over a field of characteristic zero, then the Milnor–Moore theorem states the universal enveloping algebra of the graded Lie algebra of primitive elements of ''A'' is isomorphic to ''A''.
== References ==

*http://www.encyclopediaofmath.org/index.php/Primitive_element_in_a_co-algebra


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